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Notes

^In American English, the word "stocks" is also used to refer to shares.^[1]^[2]
^"For Nasdaq-listed stocks, the price quote includes information on the bid and ask prices for the stock."^[25]

References

^ ^a ^bSummers, Della (2007). Longman Business English Dictionary. Pearson Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-5259-3. OCLC 954137383. stock - especially AmE one of the shares into which ownership of a company is divided, or these shares considered together"
"When a company issues shares or stocks especially AmE, it makes them available for people to buy for the first time.
^stock Archived 30 April 2021 at the Wayback Machine in Collins English Dictionary: "A stock is one of the parts or shares that the value of a company is divided into, that people can buy."
^"stock". Investopedia. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
^"stock". Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Archived from the original on 26 August 2009. Retrieved 12 February 2010.
^"Common Stock vs. Preferred Stock, and Stock Classes". InvestorGuide.com. Archived from the original on 6 January 2019. Retrieved 10 June 2007.
^Zvi Bodie, Alex Kane, Alan J. Marcus, Investments, 9th Ed., ISBN 978-0-07-803469-5.
^"Rule 144: Selling Restricted and Control Securities". US Securities and Exchange Commission. Archived from the original on 9 March 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2013.
^"Black Scholes Calculator". Tradingtoday.com. Archived from the original on 14 April 2010. Retrieved 12 February 2010.
^Livy, Ab Urbe Condita
^(Cic. pro Rabir. Post. 2; Val. Max. VI.9 §7)
^(Polybius, 6, 17, 3)
^Hawk, Barry (2015). Law and Commerce in Pre-Industrial Societies. Brill Publishers. p. 232. ISBN 978-90-04-30622-6. Archived from the original on 10 February 2023. Retrieved 8 February 2023.
^(Cicero, P. VAT. 12, 29.)
^"Paris: It Started with the Lyons Bourse | NYSE Euronext". Archived from the original on 13 September 2012. Retrieved 18 December 2009.
^International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) (2000), Mining Area of the Great Copper Mountain in Falun – Advisory Body Evaluation(PDF), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, archived from the original(PDF) on 12 June 2004
^Irwin, Douglas A. (December 1991). "Mercantilism as Strategic Trade Policy: The Anglo-Dutch Rivalry for the East India Trade"(PDF). The Journal of Political Economy. 99 (6). The University of Chicago Press: 1296–1314. doi:10.1086/261801. JSTOR 2937731. S2CID 17937216. Archived(PDF) from the original on 31 July 2020. Retrieved 31 July 2019. at 1299.
^Stringham, Edward (2003). "The Extralegal Development of Securities Trading in Seventeenth Century Amsterdam". SSRN 1676251.
^Jones v. H. F. Ahmanson & Co., 1 Cal. 3d)
^"Jones v. H.F. Ahmanson & Co. (1969) 1 C3d 93". Online.ceb.com. Archived from the original on 10 May 2008. Retrieved 12 February 2010.
^Whitman, 2004, 5
^Jackson, Thomas (2001). The Logic and Limits of Bankruptcy Law. Oxford Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press. p. 32. ISBN 1-58798-114-9.
^"Stock Trading". US Securities and Exchange Commission. Archived from the original on 16 July 2012. Retrieved 18 May 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c"How an Investor Can Make Money Short Selling Stocks". Investopedia. Archived from the original on 30 November 2020. Retrieved 14 February 2023.
^Mithas, Sunil (January 2006). "Increased Customer Satisfaction Increases Stock Price". Research@Smith. University of Maryland. Archived from the original on 17 March 2012. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
^"Understanding Stock Prices: Bid, Ask, Spread". Youngmoney.com. Archived from the original on 7 September 2008. Retrieved 12 February 2010.
^"Arbitrage: How Arbitraging Works in Investing, with Examples". Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2022.

External links

[3] In American English, the word "stocks" is also used to refer to shares.^[1]^[2]

[27] "For Nasdaq-listed stocks, the price quote includes information on the bid and ask prices for the stock."^[25]

[longman-1] Summers, Della (2007). Longman Business English Dictionary. Pearson Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-5259-3. OCLC 954137383. stock - especially AmE one of the shares into which ownership of a company is divided, or these shares considered together"
"When a company issues shares or stocks especially AmE, it makes them available for people to buy for the first time.

[2] stock Archived 30 April 2021 at the Wayback Machine in Collins English Dictionary: "A stock is one of the parts or shares that the value of a company is divided into, that people can buy."

[4] "stock". Investopedia. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 25 February 2012.

[5] "stock". Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Archived from the original on 26 August 2009. Retrieved 12 February 2010.

[investor_guide-6] "Common Stock vs. Preferred Stock, and Stock Classes". InvestorGuide.com. Archived from the original on 6 January 2019. Retrieved 10 June 2007.

[investments-7] Zvi Bodie, Alex Kane, Alan J. Marcus, Investments, 9th Ed., ISBN 978-0-07-803469-5.

[8] "Rule 144: Selling Restricted and Control Securities". US Securities and Exchange Commission. Archived from the original on 9 March 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2013.

[9] "Black Scholes Calculator". Tradingtoday.com. Archived from the original on 14 April 2010. Retrieved 12 February 2010.

[10] Livy, Ab Urbe Condita

[11] (Cic. pro Rabir. Post. 2; Val. Max. VI.9 §7)

[12] (Polybius, 6, 17, 3)

[13] Hawk, Barry (2015). Law and Commerce in Pre-Industrial Societies. Brill Publishers. p. 232. ISBN 978-90-04-30622-6. Archived from the original on 10 February 2023. Retrieved 8 February 2023.

[14] (Cicero, P. VAT. 12, 29.)

[15] "Paris: It Started with the Lyons Bourse | NYSE Euronext". Archived from the original on 13 September 2012. Retrieved 18 December 2009.

[16] International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) (2000), Mining Area of the Great Copper Mountain in Falun – Advisory Body Evaluation(PDF), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, archived from the original(PDF) on 12 June 2004

[17] Irwin, Douglas A. (December 1991). "Mercantilism as Strategic Trade Policy: The Anglo-Dutch Rivalry for the East India Trade"(PDF). The Journal of Political Economy. 99 (6). The University of Chicago Press: 1296–1314. doi:10.1086/261801. JSTOR 2937731. S2CID 17937216. Archived(PDF) from the original on 31 July 2020. Retrieved 31 July 2019. at 1299.

[18] Stringham, Edward (2003). "The Extralegal Development of Securities Trading in Seventeenth Century Amsterdam". SSRN 1676251.

[19] Jones v. H. F. Ahmanson & Co., 1 Cal. 3d)

[20] "Jones v. H.F. Ahmanson & Co. (1969) 1 C3d 93". Online.ceb.com. Archived from the original on 10 May 2008. Retrieved 12 February 2010.

[21] Whitman, 2004, 5

[22] Jackson, Thomas (2001). The Logic and Limits of Bankruptcy Law. Oxford Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press. p. 32. ISBN 1-58798-114-9.

[23] "Stock Trading". US Securities and Exchange Commission. Archived from the original on 16 July 2012. Retrieved 18 May 2013.

[Investopedia-24] "How an Investor Can Make Money Short Selling Stocks". Investopedia. Archived from the original on 30 November 2020. Retrieved 14 February 2023.

[25] Mithas, Sunil (January 2006). "Increased Customer Satisfaction Increases Stock Price". Research@Smith. University of Maryland. Archived from the original on 17 March 2012. Retrieved 25 February 2012.

[26] "Understanding Stock Prices: Bid, Ask, Spread". Youngmoney.com. Archived from the original on 7 September 2008. Retrieved 12 February 2010.

[28] "Arbitrage: How Arbitraging Works in Investing, with Examples". Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2022.

[1]

[2]

[25]

v t e Financial markets
Types of markets	Primary market Secondary market Third market Fourth market
Types of stocks	Common stock Golden share Preferred stock Restricted stock Tracking stock
Share capital	Authorised capital Issued shares Shares outstanding Treasury stock
Participants	Broker Floor broker Inter-dealer broker Broker-dealer Market maker Trader Floor trader Proprietary trader Quantitative analyst Investor Hedger Speculator Arbitrager Scalper Regulator
Trading venues	Exchange List of stock exchanges Trading hours Over-the-counter (off-exchange) Alternative trading system (ATS) Multilateral trading facility (MTF) Electronic communication network (ECN) Direct market access (DMA) Straight-through processing (STP) Dark pool (private exchange) Crossing network Liquidity aggregator
Stock valuation	Alpha Arbitrage pricing theory (APT) Beta Buffett indicator (Cap-to-GDP) Book value (BV) Capital asset pricing model (CAPM) Capital market line (CML) Dividend discount model (DDM) Dividend yield Earnings yield EV/EBITDA Fed model Net asset value (NAV) Security characteristic line Security market line (SML) T-model
Trading theories and strategies	Algorithmic trading Buy and hold Contrarian investing Dollar cost averaging Efficient-market hypothesis (EMH) Fundamental analysis Growth stock Market timing Modern portfolio theory (MPT) Momentum investing Mosaic theory Pairs trade Post-modern portfolio theory (PMPT) Random walk hypothesis (RMH) Sector rotation Style investing Swing trading Technical analysis Trend following Value averaging Value investing
Related terms	Bid–ask spread Block trade Cross listing Dividend Dual-listed company DuPont analysis Efficient frontier Financial law Flight-to-quality Government bond Greenspan put Haircut Initial public offering (IPO) Long Mandatory offer Margin Market anomaly Market capitalization Market depth Market manipulation Market trend Mean reversion Momentum Open outcry Order book Position Public float Public offering Rally Returns-based style analysis Reverse stock split Share repurchase Short selling Short squeeze Slippage Speculation Squeeze-out Stock dilution Stock exchange Stock market index Stock split Stock swap Trade Tender offer Uptick rule Volatility Voting interest Yield

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See also

Notes

References

Further reading

External links